International Conference on Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy August 06-07, 2018 Osaka, Japan

Involvement of medication  that discovers, develops, produces, and markets drugs or pharmaceutical drugs  is the branch related to Pharmaceutical industry. Pharmaceutical companies may deal in generic or brand medications and medical devices. They are subject to a variety of laws and regulations that govern the patenting, testing, safety, efficacy and drugs. Now a day the root of pharmaceutical industry emphasizes on two sources. The first of these were local apothecaries that expanded from their traditional role distributing botanical drugs such as morphine and quinine to wholesale manufacture in the mid 1800s.The drugs which are discovered from the plant depends particularly  with the isolation of morphine, analgesic and sleep-inducing agent from opium, The name Morpheus is given by the German assistant apothecary  Friedrich Sertürner, who named the compound after the Greek god of dreams, Morpheus. Multinational corporations including Merck, Hoffman-La Roche, Burroughs-Welcome (now part of Glaxo Smith Kline), Abbott Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Upjohn (now part of Pfizer) began as local apothecary shops in the mid-1800s. 

The application of immunological techniques and effects of drugs the branch concerned with Immunopharmacology especially on the immune system. Prior to the designation of immunity from the etymological root immunise, which is Latin for "exempt"; early physicians characterized organs that would later be proven as essential components of the immune system. The important lymphoid organs of the immune system are the thymus and bone marrow, and chief lymphatic tissues such as spleen, tonsils, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, adenoids, and liver., organs including the thymus, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes and other lymphatic tissues as a part of immune system can be surgically excised When health conditions worsen to emergency status for examination while patients are still alive. Applications on smart phones may also be used to assist with patient management.

Drugs derived from plants or other natural sources is the study of medicinal branch which is related to Pharmacognosy. The American Society of Pharmacognosy defines pharmacognosy as "the study of the physical, chemical, biochemical and biological properties of drugs, drug substances or potential drugs or drug substances of natural origin as well as the drugs from natural sources”. It is also defined as the study of crude drugs.Although most pharmacognostic studies focus on plants and medicines derived from plants, other types of organisms are also regarded as pharmacognostically interesting, in particular, various types of microbes (bacteria, fungi, etc.), and, recently, various marine organisms. secondary metabolites i.e. study of natural product molecules the term defines as Pharmacognosy as that are useful for their medicinal, ecological, gustatory, or other functional properties.

At the level of atomic, molecular and macromolecular the development of engineered devices is known as Nanotechnology. Nanoparticles have potential application in medical field including diagnostics and therapeutics. Nanotechnology devices are being developed for diagnosis of cancer and infectious diseases which can help in early detection of the disease.In the field of drug discovery, drug delivery and gene delivery the advances of Nanotechnology have been seen. Nanoparticles can be constructed by various methodology so that effect can be targeted at desired site. In this review, the application of Nanoparticles in medicine for diagnostic and therapeutic which can be used at clinical level.

Pharmaceutics is the discipline of pharmacy that deals with the process of turning a new chemical entity (NCE) or old drugs into a medication to be used safely and effectively by patients. the science of dosage form design is also related to Pharmaceutical technology. There are many chemicals with pharmacological properties, but need special measures to help them achieve therapeutically relevant amounts at their sites of action.  The method for the formulation of drugs is designed by the pharmaceutics for the delivery and disposition in the body which play a major role. Pharmaceutics deals with the formulation of a pure drug substance into a dosage formPure drug substances are usually white crystalline or amorphous powders. most drugs today are administered as parts of a dosage form. as it is very common for pharmacists to dispense drugs, than Historically before the advent of medicine. The clinical performance of drugs depends on their form of presentation to the patient.

The study of drug action concerned with Pharmacology is the branch of biology , where a drug can be broadly defined as any man-made, natural, or endogenous (from within body) molecule which exerts a biochemical or physiological effect on the cell, tissue, organ, or organism (sometimes the word pharmacon is used as a term to encompass these endogenous and exogenous bioactive species).The factor affect normal or abnormal biochemical function that occur between a living organism and chemicals More specifically, it is the study of the interactions . If substances have medicinal properties, they are considered pharmaceuticals. The basis of signal transduction/cellular communication drug composition and properties, synthesis and drug design, molecular and cellular mechanisms, organ/systems mechanisms, molecular The field encompasses diagnostics, interactions, toxicology, chemical biology, therapy, and medical applications and antipathogenic capabilities.

Biopharmaceutics examines the interrelationship of the drug on the basis of physical/chemical properties, the dosage form (drug product) in which the drug is given, and the route of administration on the rate and extent of systemic drug absorption. The importance of the drug substance and the drug formulation on absorption, and in vivo distribution of the drug to the site of action, is described as a sequence of events that precede elicitation of a drug's therapeutic effect.

Drugs are substances intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease. Drugs are given in a variety of dosage forms or drug products such as solids (tablets, capsules), semisolids (ointments, creams), liquids, suspensions, emulsions, etc, for systemic or local therapeutic activity. Drug products can be considered to be drug delivery systems that release and deliver drug to the site of action such that they produce the desired therapeutic effect and are also designed specifically to meet the patient's needs including palatability, convenience, and safety.

Among physicians, medical therapy refers specifically to pharmacotherapy as opposed to clinical or other therapy sometimes the term is used.  for example, in oncology, medical oncology is thus distinguished from surgical oncology. Economical use of pharmaceutical drugs is ensured by pharmacist by the process pharmacotherapy. knowledge, training and experience in biomedical, pharmaceutical and clinical sciences the skills required to function as a pharmacist require. The pharmacotherapy is improved by pharmacology.  The process used for collection, analysis and interpretation of data especially related to human biology, health and medicine.

Biomedicine (i.e. medical biology) is a branch of medical science that applies organic and physical principles to clinical practice. The branch especially applies to biology and physiology. Biomedicine also can relate to many other categories in health and biological related fields. The therapy used in pharmaceutical drugs is known as pharmacotherapy. It is distinguished from other therapy like surgical, radiation and physical therapy. Biomedicine involves the study of (pathos-) physiological processes with methods from biology and physiology. Approaches range from understanding molecular interactions to the study of the consequences at the in vivo level. These processes are studied with the particular point of view of devising new strategies for diagnosis and therapy. The application of development and pathological processes in humans, animals and cellular models is known as system medicine. Whereas systems biology aims at modelling exhaustive networks of interactions (with the long-term goal of, for example, creating a comprehensive typical of the cell), mainly at intra-cellular level, it also emphasizes the models of tissue, cell, organ, ecosystem by integration of factors into models that reveal the biological processes.

The patients are separated into different groups according to their medical decision, practices, intervention or their risk of disease, the term is used known as personalized medicine. It is also called precision medicine, stratified medicine and p4 medicine. In personalised medicine, based on the context of a patient’s genetic content or other molecular or cellular analysis diagnostic testing is often employed for selecting appropriate and optimal therapies.

The process by which molecular structures and mechanisms are desired in the field of using physical, chemical, biological, biostatics, and medical techniques are known as molecular medicine. This field mainly focused on cellular and molecular phenomenon rather than focus on patients and organs. The distribution of medicine to each individual cell just as oxygen coined by Sanjab Jacab.It also identify the genetic errors of disease and develop molecular.

In order to improve the diagnosis, prediction and treatment of complex medical diseases a process is developed known as computational biomedicine. Computational biomedicine is the name given to the use of computer-based tools and approaches to simulate and model the human body in health and disease. In the European Union, this new science has become synonymous with the concept of the virtual physiological human (VPH). More specifically, however, the name VPH is given to an ambitious initiative, funded through Framework Seven but building on work funded through earlier frameworks and external initiatives.

Biomedical science is the study of the human body, its structure and function in health and disease. Medical microbiology is a Study of inhibition, diagnosis and treatment of various infectious diseases is related to medical microbiology. In addition, for the improvement of health this field of science studies various clinical applications of microbes. Clinical Virology is the Isolation of one or more several viruses responsible for human pathology by direct or indirect techniques (cellular Cultures, serologies, biochemistry, molecular biology) is related to clinical virology. Clinical epidemiology is the study of disease and its analysis like pattern, cause and effects is related to this epidemiology. Genetic epidemiology is the study of the role of genetic factors in determining health and disease in families and in populations, and the interplay of such genetic factors with environmental factors.

 Biomedical diagnostics is the study of procedures that provide information to aid the term is used, but in the case of a wrong diagnosis, the individual's actual disease or condition is not the same as the individual's diagnosis. Laboratory diagnosis is the process by which the disease is diagnosed in laboratory except physical examination. Radiology diagnosis is the process by which diagnosis occur by on the results from medical imaging studies. screening, detection, diagnosis and monitoring of disease. The diagnostic procedure may be carried out by physician, health care scientist, dentist, and pediatrist. According to individual medical conditions the diagnostic procedure can be separate. 

For the diagnosis of disease, the biomedical model of medicine play an important role between doctor and patient. The biological factors only focused by biomedical model since mid-19^th century. The biomedical model gives the freedom to health from disease, pain or detect for making the condition of human healthy. The model's focus on the physical processes (for example, pathology, biochemistry and physiology of a disease) does not take any role for  social factors or individual. the biomedical model does not consider diagnosis, which affects treatment of the patient, to be the result of a negotiation.

The device can be used alone or in combination in the field of instrument, software including the software intended and its manufacture to be used specifically for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and necessary for its proper application to be used for human beings. Medical devices vary according to their intended use and indications. Examples range from simple devices such as tongue depressors, medical thermometers, and disposable gloves to advanced devices such as computers which assist in the conduct of medical testing, implants, and prostheses. In the field of mechanical engineering the design of medical devices constitutes a major segment.

The process used for collection, analysis and interpretation of data especially related to human biology, health and medicine. In a defined population the pattern, causes and effects of health and disease is studied and analysed by a process called epidemiology. The art of science that prevent disease, prolonging life and promoting human health through original efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals is referred to public health. The application of medical knowledge to the investigation of crime, particularly in establishing the causes of injury or death. The safety and effectiveness of medications, diagnostic products and treatment intended for human use is determined by a process called as clinical research.